// Copyright 2005, Google Inc.
// All rights reserved.
//
// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
// met:
//
//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
// distribution.
//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
// this software without specific prior written permission.
//
// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

//
// Tests for death tests.

#include "gtest/gtest-death-test.h"

#include "gtest/gtest.h"
#include "gtest/internal/gtest-filepath.h"

using testing::internal::AlwaysFalse;
using testing::internal::AlwaysTrue;

#if GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
#include <fcntl.h> // For O_BINARY
#include <direct.h> // For chdir().
#include <io.h>
#else
#include <unistd.h>
#include <sys/wait.h> // For waitpid.
#endif // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

#include <limits.h>
#include <signal.h>
#include <stdio.h>

#if GTEST_OS_LINUX
#include <sys/time.h>
#endif // GTEST_OS_LINUX

#include "gtest/gtest-spi.h"
#include "src/gtest-internal-inl.h"

namespace posix = ::testing::internal::posix;

using testing::ContainsRegex;
using testing::Matcher;
using testing::Message;
using testing::internal::DeathTest;
using testing::internal::DeathTestFactory;
using testing::internal::FilePath;
using testing::internal::GetLastErrnoDescription;
using testing::internal::GetUnitTestImpl;
using testing::internal::InDeathTestChild;
using testing::internal::ParseNaturalNumber;

namespace testing {
namespace internal {

// A helper class whose objects replace the death test factory for a
// single UnitTest object during their lifetimes.
class ReplaceDeathTestFactory
{
public:
    explicit ReplaceDeathTestFactory(DeathTestFactory *new_factory)
        : unit_test_impl_(GetUnitTestImpl())
    {
        old_factory_ = unit_test_impl_->death_test_factory_.release();
        unit_test_impl_->death_test_factory_.reset(new_factory);
    }

    ~ReplaceDeathTestFactory()
    {
        unit_test_impl_->death_test_factory_.release();
        unit_test_impl_->death_test_factory_.reset(old_factory_);
    }

private:
    // Prevents copying ReplaceDeathTestFactory objects.
    ReplaceDeathTestFactory(const ReplaceDeathTestFactory &);
    void operator=(const ReplaceDeathTestFactory &);

    UnitTestImpl *unit_test_impl_;
    DeathTestFactory *old_factory_;
};

} // namespace internal
} // namespace testing

namespace {

void DieWithMessage(const ::std::string &message)
{
    fprintf(stderr, "%s", message.c_str());
    fflush(stderr); // Make sure the text is printed before the process exits.

    // We call _exit() instead of exit(), as the former is a direct
    // system call and thus safer in the presence of threads.  exit()
    // will invoke user-defined exit-hooks, which may do dangerous
    // things that conflict with death tests.
    //
    // Some compilers can recognize that _exit() never returns and issue the
    // 'unreachable code' warning for code following this function, unless
    // fooled by a fake condition.
    if (AlwaysTrue())
        _exit(1);
}

void DieInside(const ::std::string &function)
{
    DieWithMessage("death inside " + function + "().");
}

// Tests that death tests work.

class TestForDeathTest : public testing::Test
{
protected:
    TestForDeathTest()
        : original_dir_(FilePath::GetCurrentDir())
    {
    }

    ~TestForDeathTest() override { posix::ChDir(original_dir_.c_str()); }

    // A static member function that's expected to die.
    static void StaticMemberFunction() { DieInside("StaticMemberFunction"); }

    // A method of the test fixture that may die.
    void MemberFunction()
    {
        if (should_die_)
            DieInside("MemberFunction");
    }

    // True if and only if MemberFunction() should die.
    bool should_die_;
    const FilePath original_dir_;
};

// A class with a member function that may die.
class MayDie
{
public:
    explicit MayDie(bool should_die)
        : should_die_(should_die)
    {
    }

    // A member function that may die.
    void MemberFunction() const
    {
        if (should_die_)
            DieInside("MayDie::MemberFunction");
    }

private:
    // True if and only if MemberFunction() should die.
    bool should_die_;
};

// A global function that's expected to die.
void GlobalFunction()
{
    DieInside("GlobalFunction");
}

// A non-void function that's expected to die.
int NonVoidFunction()
{
    DieInside("NonVoidFunction");
    return 1;
}

// A unary function that may die.
void DieIf(bool should_die)
{
    if (should_die)
        DieInside("DieIf");
}

// A binary function that may die.
bool DieIfLessThan(int x, int y)
{
    if (x < y) {
        DieInside("DieIfLessThan");
    }
    return true;
}

// Tests that ASSERT_DEATH can be used outside a TEST, TEST_F, or test fixture.
void DeathTestSubroutine()
{
    EXPECT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), "death.*GlobalFunction");
    ASSERT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), "death.*GlobalFunction");
}

// Death in dbg, not opt.
int DieInDebugElse12(int *sideeffect)
{
    if (sideeffect)
        *sideeffect = 12;

#ifndef NDEBUG

    DieInside("DieInDebugElse12");

#endif // NDEBUG

    return 12;
}

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

// Death in dbg due to Windows CRT assertion failure, not opt.
int DieInCRTDebugElse12(int *sideeffect)
{
    if (sideeffect)
        *sideeffect = 12;

    // Create an invalid fd by closing a valid one
    int fdpipe[2];
    EXPECT_EQ(_pipe(fdpipe, 256, O_BINARY), 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(_close(fdpipe[0]), 0);
    EXPECT_EQ(_close(fdpipe[1]), 0);

    // _dup() should crash in debug mode
    EXPECT_EQ(_dup(fdpipe[0]), -1);

    return 12;
}

#endif // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS || GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA

// Tests the ExitedWithCode predicate.
TEST(ExitStatusPredicateTest, ExitedWithCode)
{
    // On Windows, the process's exit code is the same as its exit status,
    // so the predicate just compares the its input with its parameter.
    EXPECT_TRUE(testing::ExitedWithCode(0)(0));
    EXPECT_TRUE(testing::ExitedWithCode(1)(1));
    EXPECT_TRUE(testing::ExitedWithCode(42)(42));
    EXPECT_FALSE(testing::ExitedWithCode(0)(1));
    EXPECT_FALSE(testing::ExitedWithCode(1)(0));
}

#else

// Returns the exit status of a process that calls _exit(2) with a
// given exit code.  This is a helper function for the
// ExitStatusPredicateTest test suite.
static int NormalExitStatus(int exit_code)
{
    pid_t child_pid = fork();
    if (child_pid == 0) {
        _exit(exit_code);
    }
    int status;
    waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0);
    return status;
}

// Returns the exit status of a process that raises a given signal.
// If the signal does not cause the process to die, then it returns
// instead the exit status of a process that exits normally with exit
// code 1.  This is a helper function for the ExitStatusPredicateTest
// test suite.
static int KilledExitStatus(int signum)
{
    pid_t child_pid = fork();
    if (child_pid == 0) {
        raise(signum);
        _exit(1);
    }
    int status;
    waitpid(child_pid, &status, 0);
    return status;
}

// Tests the ExitedWithCode predicate.
TEST(ExitStatusPredicateTest, ExitedWithCode)
{
    const int status0 = NormalExitStatus(0);
    const int status1 = NormalExitStatus(1);
    const int status42 = NormalExitStatus(42);
    const testing::ExitedWithCode pred0(0);
    const testing::ExitedWithCode pred1(1);
    const testing::ExitedWithCode pred42(42);
    EXPECT_PRED1(pred0, status0);
    EXPECT_PRED1(pred1, status1);
    EXPECT_PRED1(pred42, status42);
    EXPECT_FALSE(pred0(status1));
    EXPECT_FALSE(pred42(status0));
    EXPECT_FALSE(pred1(status42));
}

// Tests the KilledBySignal predicate.
TEST(ExitStatusPredicateTest, KilledBySignal)
{
    const int status_segv = KilledExitStatus(SIGSEGV);
    const int status_kill = KilledExitStatus(SIGKILL);
    const testing::KilledBySignal pred_segv(SIGSEGV);
    const testing::KilledBySignal pred_kill(SIGKILL);
    EXPECT_PRED1(pred_segv, status_segv);
    EXPECT_PRED1(pred_kill, status_kill);
    EXPECT_FALSE(pred_segv(status_kill));
    EXPECT_FALSE(pred_kill(status_segv));
}

#endif // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS || GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA

// Tests that the death test macros expand to code which may or may not
// be followed by operator<<, and that in either case the complete text
// comprises only a single C++ statement.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, SingleStatement)
{
    if (AlwaysFalse())
        // This would fail if executed; this is a compilation test only
        ASSERT_DEATH(return, "");

    if (AlwaysTrue())
        EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
    else
        // This empty "else" branch is meant to ensure that EXPECT_DEATH
        // doesn't expand into an "if" statement without an "else"
        ;

    if (AlwaysFalse())
        ASSERT_DEATH(return, "") << "did not die";

    if (AlwaysFalse())
        ;
    else
        EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "") << 1 << 2 << 3;
}

#if GTEST_USES_PCRE

void DieWithEmbeddedNul()
{
    fprintf(stderr, "Hello%cmy null world.\n", '\0');
    fflush(stderr);
    _exit(1);
}

// Tests that EXPECT_DEATH and ASSERT_DEATH work when the error
// message has a NUL character in it.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, EmbeddedNulInMessage)
{
    EXPECT_DEATH(DieWithEmbeddedNul(), "my null world");
    ASSERT_DEATH(DieWithEmbeddedNul(), "my null world");
}

#endif // GTEST_USES_PCRE

// Tests that death test macros expand to code which interacts well with switch
// statements.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, SwitchStatement)
{
    // Microsoft compiler usually complains about switch statements without
    // case labels. We suppress that warning for this test.
    GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4065)

    switch (0)
    default:
        ASSERT_DEATH(_exit(1), "") << "exit in default switch handler";

    switch (0)
    case 0:
        EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "") << "exit in switch case";

    GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
}

// Tests that a static member function can be used in a "fast" style
// death test.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, StaticMemberFunctionFastStyle)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    ASSERT_DEATH(StaticMemberFunction(), "death.*StaticMember");
}

// Tests that a method of the test fixture can be used in a "fast"
// style death test.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, MemberFunctionFastStyle)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    should_die_ = true;
    EXPECT_DEATH(MemberFunction(), "inside.*MemberFunction");
}

void ChangeToRootDir()
{
    posix::ChDir(GTEST_PATH_SEP_);
}

// Tests that death tests work even if the current directory has been
// changed.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, FastDeathTestInChangedDir)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";

    ChangeToRootDir();
    EXPECT_EXIT(_exit(1), testing::ExitedWithCode(1), "");

    ChangeToRootDir();
    ASSERT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
}

#if GTEST_OS_LINUX
void SigprofAction(int, siginfo_t *, void *)
{ /* no op */
}

// Sets SIGPROF action and ITIMER_PROF timer (interval: 1ms).
void SetSigprofActionAndTimer()
{
    struct sigaction signal_action;
    memset(&signal_action, 0, sizeof(signal_action));
    sigemptyset(&signal_action.sa_mask);
    signal_action.sa_sigaction = SigprofAction;
    signal_action.sa_flags = SA_RESTART | SA_SIGINFO;
    ASSERT_EQ(0, sigaction(SIGPROF, &signal_action, nullptr));
    // timer comes second, to avoid SIGPROF premature delivery, as suggested at
    // https://www.gnu.org/software/libc/manual/html_node/Setting-an-Alarm.html
    struct itimerval timer;
    timer.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
    timer.it_interval.tv_usec = 1;
    timer.it_value = timer.it_interval;
    ASSERT_EQ(0, setitimer(ITIMER_PROF, &timer, nullptr));
}

// Disables ITIMER_PROF timer and ignores SIGPROF signal.
void DisableSigprofActionAndTimer(struct sigaction *old_signal_action)
{
    struct itimerval timer;
    timer.it_interval.tv_sec = 0;
    timer.it_interval.tv_usec = 0;
    timer.it_value = timer.it_interval;
    ASSERT_EQ(0, setitimer(ITIMER_PROF, &timer, nullptr));
    struct sigaction signal_action;
    memset(&signal_action, 0, sizeof(signal_action));
    sigemptyset(&signal_action.sa_mask);
    signal_action.sa_handler = SIG_IGN;
    ASSERT_EQ(0, sigaction(SIGPROF, &signal_action, old_signal_action));
}

// Tests that death tests work when SIGPROF handler and timer are set.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, FastSigprofActionSet)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    SetSigprofActionAndTimer();
    EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
    struct sigaction old_signal_action;
    DisableSigprofActionAndTimer(&old_signal_action);
    EXPECT_TRUE(old_signal_action.sa_sigaction == SigprofAction);
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ThreadSafeSigprofActionSet)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
    SetSigprofActionAndTimer();
    EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
    struct sigaction old_signal_action;
    DisableSigprofActionAndTimer(&old_signal_action);
    EXPECT_TRUE(old_signal_action.sa_sigaction == SigprofAction);
}
#endif // GTEST_OS_LINUX

// Repeats a representative sample of death tests in the "threadsafe" style:

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, StaticMemberFunctionThreadsafeStyle)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
    ASSERT_DEATH(StaticMemberFunction(), "death.*StaticMember");
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, MemberFunctionThreadsafeStyle)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
    should_die_ = true;
    EXPECT_DEATH(MemberFunction(), "inside.*MemberFunction");
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ThreadsafeDeathTestInLoop)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";

    for (int i = 0; i < 3; ++i)
        EXPECT_EXIT(_exit(i), testing::ExitedWithCode(i), "") << ": i = " << i;
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ThreadsafeDeathTestInChangedDir)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";

    ChangeToRootDir();
    EXPECT_EXIT(_exit(1), testing::ExitedWithCode(1), "");

    ChangeToRootDir();
    ASSERT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, MixedStyles)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
    EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
}

#if GTEST_HAS_CLONE && GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD

bool pthread_flag;

void SetPthreadFlag()
{
    pthread_flag = true;
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, DoesNotExecuteAtforkHooks)
{
    if (!testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_use_fork)) {
        testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
        pthread_flag = false;
        ASSERT_EQ(0, pthread_atfork(&SetPthreadFlag, nullptr, nullptr));
        ASSERT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
        ASSERT_FALSE(pthread_flag);
    }
}

#endif // GTEST_HAS_CLONE && GTEST_HAS_PTHREAD

// Tests that a method of another class can be used in a death test.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, MethodOfAnotherClass)
{
    const MayDie x(true);
    ASSERT_DEATH(x.MemberFunction(), "MayDie\\:\\:MemberFunction");
}

// Tests that a global function can be used in a death test.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, GlobalFunction)
{
    EXPECT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), "GlobalFunction");
}

// Tests that any value convertible to an RE works as a second
// argument to EXPECT_DEATH.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AcceptsAnythingConvertibleToRE)
{
    static const char regex_c_str[] = "GlobalFunction";
    EXPECT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), regex_c_str);

    const testing::internal::RE regex(regex_c_str);
    EXPECT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), regex);

#if !GTEST_USES_PCRE

    const ::std::string regex_std_str(regex_c_str);
    EXPECT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), regex_std_str);

    // This one is tricky; a temporary pointer into another temporary.  Reference
    // lifetime extension of the pointer is not sufficient.
    EXPECT_DEATH(GlobalFunction(), ::std::string(regex_c_str).c_str());

#endif // !GTEST_USES_PCRE
}

// Tests that a non-void function can be used in a death test.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, NonVoidFunction)
{
    ASSERT_DEATH(NonVoidFunction(), "NonVoidFunction");
}

// Tests that functions that take parameter(s) can be used in a death test.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, FunctionWithParameter)
{
    EXPECT_DEATH(DieIf(true), "DieIf\\(\\)");
    EXPECT_DEATH(DieIfLessThan(2, 3), "DieIfLessThan");
}

// Tests that ASSERT_DEATH can be used outside a TEST, TEST_F, or test fixture.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, OutsideFixture)
{
    DeathTestSubroutine();
}

// Tests that death tests can be done inside a loop.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, InsideLoop)
{
    for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
        EXPECT_DEATH(DieIfLessThan(-1, i), "DieIfLessThan") << "where i == " << i;
    }
}

// Tests that a compound statement can be used in a death test.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, CompoundStatement)
{
    EXPECT_DEATH({ // NOLINT
        const int x = 2;
        const int y = x + 1;
        DieIfLessThan(x, y);
    },
                 "DieIfLessThan");
}

// Tests that code that doesn't die causes a death test to fail.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, DoesNotDie)
{
    EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_DEATH(DieIf(false), "DieIf"),
                            "failed to die");
}

// Tests that a death test fails when the error message isn't expected.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ErrorMessageMismatch)
{
    EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE({ // NOLINT
        EXPECT_DEATH(DieIf(true), "DieIfLessThan") << "End of death test message.";
    },
                            "died but not with expected error");
}

// On exit, *aborted will be true if and only if the EXPECT_DEATH()
// statement aborted the function.
void ExpectDeathTestHelper(bool *aborted)
{
    *aborted = true;
    EXPECT_DEATH(DieIf(false), "DieIf"); // This assertion should fail.
    *aborted = false;
}

// Tests that EXPECT_DEATH doesn't abort the test on failure.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, EXPECT_DEATH)
{
    bool aborted = true;
    EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(ExpectDeathTestHelper(&aborted),
                            "failed to die");
    EXPECT_FALSE(aborted);
}

// Tests that ASSERT_DEATH does abort the test on failure.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ASSERT_DEATH)
{
    static bool aborted;
    EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE({ // NOLINT
        aborted = true;
        ASSERT_DEATH(DieIf(false), "DieIf"); // This assertion should fail.
        aborted = false;
    },
                         "failed to die");
    EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
}

// Tests that EXPECT_DEATH evaluates the arguments exactly once.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, SingleEvaluation)
{
    int x = 3;
    EXPECT_DEATH(DieIf((++x) == 4), "DieIf");

    const char *regex = "DieIf";
    const char *regex_save = regex;
    EXPECT_DEATH(DieIfLessThan(3, 4), regex++);
    EXPECT_EQ(regex_save + 1, regex);
}

// Tests that run-away death tests are reported as failures.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, RunawayIsFailure)
{
    EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_DEATH(static_cast<void>(0), "Foo"),
                            "failed to die.");
}

// Tests that death tests report executing 'return' in the statement as
// failure.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ReturnIsFailure)
{
    EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_DEATH(return, "Bar"),
                         "illegal return in test statement.");
}

// Tests that EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH works as expected, that is, you can stream a
// message to it, and in debug mode it:
// 1. Asserts on death.
// 2. Has no side effect.
//
// And in opt mode, it:
// 1.  Has side effects but does not assert.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, TestExpectDebugDeath)
{
    int sideeffect = 0;

    // Put the regex in a local variable to make sure we don't get an "unused"
    // warning in opt mode.
    const char *regex = "death.*DieInDebugElse12";

    EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(DieInDebugElse12(&sideeffect), regex)
        << "Must accept a streamed message";

#ifdef NDEBUG

    // Checks that the assignment occurs in opt mode (sideeffect).
    EXPECT_EQ(12, sideeffect);

#else

    // Checks that the assignment does not occur in dbg mode (no sideeffect).
    EXPECT_EQ(0, sideeffect);

#endif
}

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

// Tests that EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH works as expected when in debug mode
// the Windows CRT crashes the process with an assertion failure.
// 1. Asserts on death.
// 2. Has no side effect (doesn't pop up a window or wait for user input).
//
// And in opt mode, it:
// 1.  Has side effects but does not assert.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, CRTDebugDeath)
{
    int sideeffect = 0;

    // Put the regex in a local variable to make sure we don't get an "unused"
    // warning in opt mode.
    const char *regex = "dup.* : Assertion failed";

    EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(DieInCRTDebugElse12(&sideeffect), regex)
        << "Must accept a streamed message";

#ifdef NDEBUG

    // Checks that the assignment occurs in opt mode (sideeffect).
    EXPECT_EQ(12, sideeffect);

#else

    // Checks that the assignment does not occur in dbg mode (no sideeffect).
    EXPECT_EQ(0, sideeffect);

#endif
}

#endif // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

// Tests that ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH works as expected, that is, you can stream a
// message to it, and in debug mode it:
// 1. Asserts on death.
// 2. Has no side effect.
//
// And in opt mode, it:
// 1.  Has side effects but does not assert.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, TestAssertDebugDeath)
{
    int sideeffect = 0;

    ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH(DieInDebugElse12(&sideeffect), "death.*DieInDebugElse12")
        << "Must accept a streamed message";

#ifdef NDEBUG

    // Checks that the assignment occurs in opt mode (sideeffect).
    EXPECT_EQ(12, sideeffect);

#else

    // Checks that the assignment does not occur in dbg mode (no sideeffect).
    EXPECT_EQ(0, sideeffect);

#endif
}

#ifndef NDEBUG

void ExpectDebugDeathHelper(bool *aborted)
{
    *aborted = true;
    EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH(return, "") << "This is expected to fail.";
    *aborted = false;
}

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
TEST(PopUpDeathTest, DoesNotShowPopUpOnAbort)
{
    printf("This test should be considered failing if it shows "
           "any pop-up dialogs.\n");
    fflush(stdout);

    EXPECT_DEATH({
        testing::GTEST_FLAG(catch_exceptions) = false;
        abort();
    },
                 "");
}
#endif // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

// Tests that EXPECT_DEBUG_DEATH in debug mode does not abort
// the function.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ExpectDebugDeathDoesNotAbort)
{
    bool aborted = true;
    EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(ExpectDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    EXPECT_FALSE(aborted);
}

void AssertDebugDeathHelper(bool *aborted)
{
    *aborted = true;
    GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "Before ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH";
    ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH(GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "In ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH"; return, "")
        << "This is expected to fail.";
    GTEST_LOG_(INFO) << "After ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH";
    *aborted = false;
}

// Tests that ASSERT_DEBUG_DEATH in debug mode aborts the function on
// failure.
TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts)
{
    static bool aborted;
    aborted = false;
    EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts2)
{
    static bool aborted;
    aborted = false;
    EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts3)
{
    static bool aborted;
    aborted = false;
    EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts4)
{
    static bool aborted;
    aborted = false;
    EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts5)
{
    static bool aborted;
    aborted = false;
    EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts6)
{
    static bool aborted;
    aborted = false;
    EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts7)
{
    static bool aborted;
    aborted = false;
    EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts8)
{
    static bool aborted;
    aborted = false;
    EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts9)
{
    static bool aborted;
    aborted = false;
    EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, AssertDebugDeathAborts10)
{
    static bool aborted;
    aborted = false;
    EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(AssertDebugDeathHelper(&aborted), "");
    EXPECT_TRUE(aborted);
}

#endif // _NDEBUG

// Tests the *_EXIT family of macros, using a variety of predicates.
static void TestExitMacros()
{
    EXPECT_EXIT(_exit(1), testing::ExitedWithCode(1), "");
    ASSERT_EXIT(_exit(42), testing::ExitedWithCode(42), "");

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

    // Of all signals effects on the process exit code, only those of SIGABRT
    // are documented on Windows.
    // See https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/query-bi/m/dwwzkt4c.
    EXPECT_EXIT(raise(SIGABRT), testing::ExitedWithCode(3), "") << "b_ar";

#elif !GTEST_OS_FUCHSIA

    // Fuchsia has no unix signals.
    EXPECT_EXIT(raise(SIGKILL), testing::KilledBySignal(SIGKILL), "") << "foo";
    ASSERT_EXIT(raise(SIGUSR2), testing::KilledBySignal(SIGUSR2), "") << "bar";

    EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE({ // NOLINT
        ASSERT_EXIT(_exit(0), testing::KilledBySignal(SIGSEGV), "")
            << "This failure is expected, too.";
    },
                         "This failure is expected, too.");

#endif // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

    EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE({ // NOLINT
        EXPECT_EXIT(raise(SIGSEGV), testing::ExitedWithCode(0), "")
            << "This failure is expected.";
    },
                            "This failure is expected.");
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ExitMacros)
{
    TestExitMacros();
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, ExitMacrosUsingFork)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_use_fork) = true;
    TestExitMacros();
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, InvalidStyle)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "rococo";
    EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE({ // NOLINT
        EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(0), "") << "This failure is expected.";
    },
                            "This failure is expected.");
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, DeathTestFailedOutput)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(
        EXPECT_DEATH(DieWithMessage("death\n"),
                     "expected message"),
        "Actual msg:\n"
        "[  DEATH   ] death\n");
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, DeathTestUnexpectedReturnOutput)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(
        EXPECT_DEATH({
            fprintf(stderr, "returning\n");
            fflush(stderr);
            return;
        },
                     ""),
        "    Result: illegal return in test statement.\n"
        " Error msg:\n"
        "[  DEATH   ] returning\n");
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, DeathTestBadExitCodeOutput)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(
        EXPECT_EXIT(DieWithMessage("exiting with rc 1\n"),
                    testing::ExitedWithCode(3),
                    "expected message"),
        "    Result: died but not with expected exit code:\n"
        "            Exited with exit status 1\n"
        "Actual msg:\n"
        "[  DEATH   ] exiting with rc 1\n");
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, DeathTestMultiLineMatchFail)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(
        EXPECT_DEATH(DieWithMessage("line 1\nline 2\nline 3\n"),
                     "line 1\nxyz\nline 3\n"),
        "Actual msg:\n"
        "[  DEATH   ] line 1\n"
        "[  DEATH   ] line 2\n"
        "[  DEATH   ] line 3\n");
}

TEST_F(TestForDeathTest, DeathTestMultiLineMatchPass)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    EXPECT_DEATH(DieWithMessage("line 1\nline 2\nline 3\n"),
                 "line 1\nline 2\nline 3\n");
}

// A DeathTestFactory that returns MockDeathTests.
class MockDeathTestFactory : public DeathTestFactory
{
public:
    MockDeathTestFactory();
    bool Create(const char *statement,
                testing::Matcher<const std::string &> matcher, const char *file,
                int line, DeathTest **test) override;

    // Sets the parameters for subsequent calls to Create.
    void SetParameters(bool create, DeathTest::TestRole role,
                       int status, bool passed);

    // Accessors.
    int AssumeRoleCalls() const { return assume_role_calls_; }
    int WaitCalls() const { return wait_calls_; }
    size_t PassedCalls() const { return passed_args_.size(); }
    bool PassedArgument(int n) const
    {
        return passed_args_[static_cast<size_t>(n)];
    }
    size_t AbortCalls() const { return abort_args_.size(); }
    DeathTest::AbortReason AbortArgument(int n) const
    {
        return abort_args_[static_cast<size_t>(n)];
    }
    bool TestDeleted() const { return test_deleted_; }

private:
    friend class MockDeathTest;
    // If true, Create will return a MockDeathTest; otherwise it returns
    // NULL.
    bool create_;
    // The value a MockDeathTest will return from its AssumeRole method.
    DeathTest::TestRole role_;
    // The value a MockDeathTest will return from its Wait method.
    int status_;
    // The value a MockDeathTest will return from its Passed method.
    bool passed_;

    // Number of times AssumeRole was called.
    int assume_role_calls_;
    // Number of times Wait was called.
    int wait_calls_;
    // The arguments to the calls to Passed since the last call to
    // SetParameters.
    std::vector<bool> passed_args_;
    // The arguments to the calls to Abort since the last call to
    // SetParameters.
    std::vector<DeathTest::AbortReason> abort_args_;
    // True if the last MockDeathTest returned by Create has been
    // deleted.
    bool test_deleted_;
};

// A DeathTest implementation useful in testing.  It returns values set
// at its creation from its various inherited DeathTest methods, and
// reports calls to those methods to its parent MockDeathTestFactory
// object.
class MockDeathTest : public DeathTest
{
public:
    MockDeathTest(MockDeathTestFactory *parent,
                  TestRole role, int status, bool passed)
        : parent_(parent)
        , role_(role)
        , status_(status)
        , passed_(passed)
    {
    }
    ~MockDeathTest() override { parent_->test_deleted_ = true; }
    TestRole AssumeRole() override
    {
        ++parent_->assume_role_calls_;
        return role_;
    }
    int Wait() override
    {
        ++parent_->wait_calls_;
        return status_;
    }
    bool Passed(bool exit_status_ok) override
    {
        parent_->passed_args_.push_back(exit_status_ok);
        return passed_;
    }
    void Abort(AbortReason reason) override
    {
        parent_->abort_args_.push_back(reason);
    }

private:
    MockDeathTestFactory *const parent_;
    const TestRole role_;
    const int status_;
    const bool passed_;
};

// MockDeathTestFactory constructor.
MockDeathTestFactory::MockDeathTestFactory()
    : create_(true)
    , role_(DeathTest::OVERSEE_TEST)
    , status_(0)
    , passed_(true)
    , assume_role_calls_(0)
    , wait_calls_(0)
    , passed_args_()
    , abort_args_()
{
}

// Sets the parameters for subsequent calls to Create.
void MockDeathTestFactory::SetParameters(bool create,
                                         DeathTest::TestRole role,
                                         int status, bool passed)
{
    create_ = create;
    role_ = role;
    status_ = status;
    passed_ = passed;

    assume_role_calls_ = 0;
    wait_calls_ = 0;
    passed_args_.clear();
    abort_args_.clear();
}

// Sets test to NULL (if create_ is false) or to the address of a new
// MockDeathTest object with parameters taken from the last call
// to SetParameters (if create_ is true).  Always returns true.
bool MockDeathTestFactory::Create(
    const char * /*statement*/, testing::Matcher<const std::string &> /*matcher*/,
    const char * /*file*/, int /*line*/, DeathTest **test)
{
    test_deleted_ = false;
    if (create_) {
        *test = new MockDeathTest(this, role_, status_, passed_);
    } else {
        *test = nullptr;
    }
    return true;
}

// A test fixture for testing the logic of the GTEST_DEATH_TEST_ macro.
// It installs a MockDeathTestFactory that is used for the duration
// of the test case.
class MacroLogicDeathTest : public testing::Test
{
protected:
    static testing::internal::ReplaceDeathTestFactory *replacer_;
    static MockDeathTestFactory *factory_;

    static void SetUpTestSuite()
    {
        factory_ = new MockDeathTestFactory;
        replacer_ = new testing::internal::ReplaceDeathTestFactory(factory_);
    }

    static void TearDownTestSuite()
    {
        delete replacer_;
        replacer_ = nullptr;
        delete factory_;
        factory_ = nullptr;
    }

    // Runs a death test that breaks the rules by returning.  Such a death
    // test cannot be run directly from a test routine that uses a
    // MockDeathTest, or the remainder of the routine will not be executed.
    static void RunReturningDeathTest(bool *flag)
    {
        ASSERT_DEATH({ // NOLINT
            *flag = true;
            return;
        },
                     "");
    }
};

testing::internal::ReplaceDeathTestFactory *MacroLogicDeathTest::replacer_ =
    nullptr;
MockDeathTestFactory *MacroLogicDeathTest::factory_ = nullptr;

// Test that nothing happens when the factory doesn't return a DeathTest:
TEST_F(MacroLogicDeathTest, NothingHappens)
{
    bool flag = false;
    factory_->SetParameters(false, DeathTest::OVERSEE_TEST, 0, true);
    EXPECT_DEATH(flag = true, "");
    EXPECT_FALSE(flag);
    EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->AssumeRoleCalls());
    EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->WaitCalls());
    EXPECT_EQ(0U, factory_->PassedCalls());
    EXPECT_EQ(0U, factory_->AbortCalls());
    EXPECT_FALSE(factory_->TestDeleted());
}

// Test that the parent process doesn't run the death test code,
// and that the Passed method returns false when the (simulated)
// child process exits with status 0:
TEST_F(MacroLogicDeathTest, ChildExitsSuccessfully)
{
    bool flag = false;
    factory_->SetParameters(true, DeathTest::OVERSEE_TEST, 0, true);
    EXPECT_DEATH(flag = true, "");
    EXPECT_FALSE(flag);
    EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->AssumeRoleCalls());
    EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->WaitCalls());
    ASSERT_EQ(1U, factory_->PassedCalls());
    EXPECT_FALSE(factory_->PassedArgument(0));
    EXPECT_EQ(0U, factory_->AbortCalls());
    EXPECT_TRUE(factory_->TestDeleted());
}

// Tests that the Passed method was given the argument "true" when
// the (simulated) child process exits with status 1:
TEST_F(MacroLogicDeathTest, ChildExitsUnsuccessfully)
{
    bool flag = false;
    factory_->SetParameters(true, DeathTest::OVERSEE_TEST, 1, true);
    EXPECT_DEATH(flag = true, "");
    EXPECT_FALSE(flag);
    EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->AssumeRoleCalls());
    EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->WaitCalls());
    ASSERT_EQ(1U, factory_->PassedCalls());
    EXPECT_TRUE(factory_->PassedArgument(0));
    EXPECT_EQ(0U, factory_->AbortCalls());
    EXPECT_TRUE(factory_->TestDeleted());
}

// Tests that the (simulated) child process executes the death test
// code, and is aborted with the correct AbortReason if it
// executes a return statement.
TEST_F(MacroLogicDeathTest, ChildPerformsReturn)
{
    bool flag = false;
    factory_->SetParameters(true, DeathTest::EXECUTE_TEST, 0, true);
    RunReturningDeathTest(&flag);
    EXPECT_TRUE(flag);
    EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->AssumeRoleCalls());
    EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->WaitCalls());
    EXPECT_EQ(0U, factory_->PassedCalls());
    EXPECT_EQ(1U, factory_->AbortCalls());
    EXPECT_EQ(DeathTest::TEST_ENCOUNTERED_RETURN_STATEMENT,
              factory_->AbortArgument(0));
    EXPECT_TRUE(factory_->TestDeleted());
}

// Tests that the (simulated) child process is aborted with the
// correct AbortReason if it does not die.
TEST_F(MacroLogicDeathTest, ChildDoesNotDie)
{
    bool flag = false;
    factory_->SetParameters(true, DeathTest::EXECUTE_TEST, 0, true);
    EXPECT_DEATH(flag = true, "");
    EXPECT_TRUE(flag);
    EXPECT_EQ(1, factory_->AssumeRoleCalls());
    EXPECT_EQ(0, factory_->WaitCalls());
    EXPECT_EQ(0U, factory_->PassedCalls());
    // This time there are two calls to Abort: one since the test didn't
    // die, and another from the ReturnSentinel when it's destroyed.  The
    // sentinel normally isn't destroyed if a test doesn't die, since
    // _exit(2) is called in that case by ForkingDeathTest, but not by
    // our MockDeathTest.
    ASSERT_EQ(2U, factory_->AbortCalls());
    EXPECT_EQ(DeathTest::TEST_DID_NOT_DIE,
              factory_->AbortArgument(0));
    EXPECT_EQ(DeathTest::TEST_ENCOUNTERED_RETURN_STATEMENT,
              factory_->AbortArgument(1));
    EXPECT_TRUE(factory_->TestDeleted());
}

// Tests that a successful death test does not register a successful
// test part.
TEST(SuccessRegistrationDeathTest, NoSuccessPart)
{
    EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "");
    EXPECT_EQ(0, GetUnitTestImpl()->current_test_result()->total_part_count());
}

TEST(StreamingAssertionsDeathTest, DeathTest)
{
    EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(1), "") << "unexpected failure";
    ASSERT_DEATH(_exit(1), "") << "unexpected failure";
    EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE({ // NOLINT
        EXPECT_DEATH(_exit(0), "") << "expected failure";
    },
                            "expected failure");
    EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE({ // NOLINT
        ASSERT_DEATH(_exit(0), "") << "expected failure";
    },
                         "expected failure");
}

// Tests that GetLastErrnoDescription returns an empty string when the
// last error is 0 and non-empty string when it is non-zero.
TEST(GetLastErrnoDescription, GetLastErrnoDescriptionWorks)
{
    errno = ENOENT;
    EXPECT_STRNE("", GetLastErrnoDescription().c_str());
    errno = 0;
    EXPECT_STREQ("", GetLastErrnoDescription().c_str());
}

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
TEST(AutoHandleTest, AutoHandleWorks)
{
    HANDLE handle = ::CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
    ASSERT_NE(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, handle);

    // Tests that the AutoHandle is correctly initialized with a handle.
    testing::internal::AutoHandle auto_handle(handle);
    EXPECT_EQ(handle, auto_handle.Get());

    // Tests that Reset assigns INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE.
    // Note that this cannot verify whether the original handle is closed.
    auto_handle.Reset();
    EXPECT_EQ(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, auto_handle.Get());

    // Tests that Reset assigns the new handle.
    // Note that this cannot verify whether the original handle is closed.
    handle = ::CreateEvent(NULL, FALSE, FALSE, NULL);
    ASSERT_NE(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, handle);
    auto_handle.Reset(handle);
    EXPECT_EQ(handle, auto_handle.Get());

    // Tests that AutoHandle contains INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE by default.
    testing::internal::AutoHandle auto_handle2;
    EXPECT_EQ(INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE, auto_handle2.Get());
}
#endif // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
typedef unsigned __int64 BiggestParsable;
typedef signed __int64 BiggestSignedParsable;
#else
typedef unsigned long long BiggestParsable;
typedef signed long long BiggestSignedParsable;
#endif // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

// We cannot use std::numeric_limits<T>::max() as it clashes with the
// max() macro defined by <windows.h>.
const BiggestParsable kBiggestParsableMax = ULLONG_MAX;
const BiggestSignedParsable kBiggestSignedParsableMax = LLONG_MAX;

TEST(ParseNaturalNumberTest, RejectsInvalidFormat)
{
    BiggestParsable result = 0;

    // Rejects non-numbers.
    EXPECT_FALSE(ParseNaturalNumber("non-number string", &result));

    // Rejects numbers with whitespace prefix.
    EXPECT_FALSE(ParseNaturalNumber(" 123", &result));

    // Rejects negative numbers.
    EXPECT_FALSE(ParseNaturalNumber("-123", &result));

    // Rejects numbers starting with a plus sign.
    EXPECT_FALSE(ParseNaturalNumber("+123", &result));
    errno = 0;
}

TEST(ParseNaturalNumberTest, RejectsOverflownNumbers)
{
    BiggestParsable result = 0;

    EXPECT_FALSE(ParseNaturalNumber("99999999999999999999999", &result));

    signed char char_result = 0;
    EXPECT_FALSE(ParseNaturalNumber("200", &char_result));
    errno = 0;
}

TEST(ParseNaturalNumberTest, AcceptsValidNumbers)
{
    BiggestParsable result = 0;

    result = 0;
    ASSERT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber("123", &result));
    EXPECT_EQ(123U, result);

    // Check 0 as an edge case.
    result = 1;
    ASSERT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber("0", &result));
    EXPECT_EQ(0U, result);

    result = 1;
    ASSERT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber("00000", &result));
    EXPECT_EQ(0U, result);
}

TEST(ParseNaturalNumberTest, AcceptsTypeLimits)
{
    Message msg;
    msg << kBiggestParsableMax;

    BiggestParsable result = 0;
    EXPECT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber(msg.GetString(), &result));
    EXPECT_EQ(kBiggestParsableMax, result);

    Message msg2;
    msg2 << kBiggestSignedParsableMax;

    BiggestSignedParsable signed_result = 0;
    EXPECT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber(msg2.GetString(), &signed_result));
    EXPECT_EQ(kBiggestSignedParsableMax, signed_result);

    Message msg3;
    msg3 << INT_MAX;

    int int_result = 0;
    EXPECT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber(msg3.GetString(), &int_result));
    EXPECT_EQ(INT_MAX, int_result);

    Message msg4;
    msg4 << UINT_MAX;

    unsigned int uint_result = 0;
    EXPECT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber(msg4.GetString(), &uint_result));
    EXPECT_EQ(UINT_MAX, uint_result);
}

TEST(ParseNaturalNumberTest, WorksForShorterIntegers)
{
    short short_result = 0;
    ASSERT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber("123", &short_result));
    EXPECT_EQ(123, short_result);

    signed char char_result = 0;
    ASSERT_TRUE(ParseNaturalNumber("123", &char_result));
    EXPECT_EQ(123, char_result);
}

#if GTEST_OS_WINDOWS
TEST(EnvironmentTest, HandleFitsIntoSizeT)
{
    ASSERT_TRUE(sizeof(HANDLE) <= sizeof(size_t));
}
#endif // GTEST_OS_WINDOWS

// Tests that EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED/ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED trigger
// failures when death tests are available on the system.
TEST(ConditionalDeathMacrosDeathTest, ExpectsDeathWhenDeathTestsAvailable)
{
    EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(DieInside("CondDeathTestExpectMacro"),
                              "death inside CondDeathTestExpectMacro");
    ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(DieInside("CondDeathTestAssertMacro"),
                              "death inside CondDeathTestAssertMacro");

    // Empty statement will not crash, which must trigger a failure.
    EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(;, ""), "");
    EXPECT_FATAL_FAILURE(ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(;, ""), "");
}

TEST(InDeathTestChildDeathTest, ReportsDeathTestCorrectlyInFastStyle)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "fast";
    EXPECT_FALSE(InDeathTestChild());
    EXPECT_DEATH({
        fprintf(stderr, InDeathTestChild() ? "Inside" : "Outside");
        fflush(stderr);
        _exit(1);
    },
                 "Inside");
}

TEST(InDeathTestChildDeathTest, ReportsDeathTestCorrectlyInThreadSafeStyle)
{
    testing::GTEST_FLAG(death_test_style) = "threadsafe";
    EXPECT_FALSE(InDeathTestChild());
    EXPECT_DEATH({
        fprintf(stderr, InDeathTestChild() ? "Inside" : "Outside");
        fflush(stderr);
        _exit(1);
    },
                 "Inside");
}

void DieWithMessage(const char *message)
{
    fputs(message, stderr);
    fflush(stderr); // Make sure the text is printed before the process exits.
    _exit(1);
}

TEST(MatcherDeathTest, DoesNotBreakBareRegexMatching)
{
    // googletest tests this, of course; here we ensure that including googlemock
    // has not broken it.
    EXPECT_DEATH(DieWithMessage("O, I die, Horatio."), "I d[aeiou]e");
}

TEST(MatcherDeathTest, MonomorphicMatcherMatches)
{
    EXPECT_DEATH(DieWithMessage("Behind O, I am slain!"),
                 Matcher<const std::string &>(ContainsRegex("I am slain")));
}

TEST(MatcherDeathTest, MonomorphicMatcherDoesNotMatch)
{
    EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(
        EXPECT_DEATH(
            DieWithMessage("Behind O, I am slain!"),
            Matcher<const std::string &>(ContainsRegex("Ow, I am slain"))),
        "Expected: contains regular expression \"Ow, I am slain\"");
}

TEST(MatcherDeathTest, PolymorphicMatcherMatches)
{
    EXPECT_DEATH(DieWithMessage("The rest is silence."),
                 ContainsRegex("rest is silence"));
}

TEST(MatcherDeathTest, PolymorphicMatcherDoesNotMatch)
{
    EXPECT_NONFATAL_FAILURE(
        EXPECT_DEATH(DieWithMessage("The rest is silence."),
                     ContainsRegex("rest is science")),
        "Expected: contains regular expression \"rest is science\"");
}

} // namespace

#else // !GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST follows

namespace {

using testing::internal::CaptureStderr;
using testing::internal::GetCapturedStderr;

// Tests that EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED/ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED are still
// defined but do not trigger failures when death tests are not available on
// the system.
TEST(ConditionalDeathMacrosTest, WarnsWhenDeathTestsNotAvailable)
{
    // Empty statement will not crash, but that should not trigger a failure
    // when death tests are not supported.
    CaptureStderr();
    EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(;, "");
    std::string output = GetCapturedStderr();
    ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != strstr(output.c_str(), "Death tests are not supported on this platform"));
    ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != strstr(output.c_str(), ";"));

    // The streamed message should not be printed as there is no test failure.
    CaptureStderr();
    EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(;, "") << "streamed message";
    output = GetCapturedStderr();
    ASSERT_TRUE(NULL == strstr(output.c_str(), "streamed message"));

    CaptureStderr();
    ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(;, ""); // NOLINT
    output = GetCapturedStderr();
    ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != strstr(output.c_str(), "Death tests are not supported on this platform"));
    ASSERT_TRUE(NULL != strstr(output.c_str(), ";"));

    CaptureStderr();
    ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(;, "") << "streamed message"; // NOLINT
    output = GetCapturedStderr();
    ASSERT_TRUE(NULL == strstr(output.c_str(), "streamed message"));
}

void FuncWithAssert(int *n)
{
    ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(return;, "");
    (*n)++;
}

// Tests that ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED does not return from the current
// function (as ASSERT_DEATH does) if death tests are not supported.
TEST(ConditionalDeathMacrosTest, AssertDeatDoesNotReturnhIfUnsupported)
{
    int n = 0;
    FuncWithAssert(&n);
    EXPECT_EQ(1, n);
}

} // namespace

#endif // !GTEST_HAS_DEATH_TEST

namespace {

// Tests that the death test macros expand to code which may or may not
// be followed by operator<<, and that in either case the complete text
// comprises only a single C++ statement.
//
// The syntax should work whether death tests are available or not.
TEST(ConditionalDeathMacrosSyntaxDeathTest, SingleStatement)
{
    if (AlwaysFalse())
        // This would fail if executed; this is a compilation test only
        ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(return, "");

    if (AlwaysTrue())
        EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(_exit(1), "");
    else
        // This empty "else" branch is meant to ensure that EXPECT_DEATH
        // doesn't expand into an "if" statement without an "else"
        ; // NOLINT

    if (AlwaysFalse())
        ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(return, "") << "did not die";

    if (AlwaysFalse())
        ; // NOLINT
    else
        EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(_exit(1), "") << 1 << 2 << 3;
}

// Tests that conditional death test macros expand to code which interacts
// well with switch statements.
TEST(ConditionalDeathMacrosSyntaxDeathTest, SwitchStatement)
{
    // Microsoft compiler usually complains about switch statements without
    // case labels. We suppress that warning for this test.
    GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_PUSH_(4065)

    switch (0)
    default:
        ASSERT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(_exit(1), "")
            << "exit in default switch handler";

    switch (0)
    case 0:
        EXPECT_DEATH_IF_SUPPORTED(_exit(1), "") << "exit in switch case";

    GTEST_DISABLE_MSC_WARNINGS_POP_()
}

// Tests that a test case whose name ends with "DeathTest" works fine
// on Windows.
TEST(NotADeathTest, Test)
{
    SUCCEED();
}

} // namespace
